The osteoarthritis of the knee joint is a common disease of the musculoskeletal system.According to statistics, each sixth person in old age is diagnosed with joint deformation.The violation of the integrity of the cartilage is the cause of the changes in the mutual position of the bones.Compliance with preventive measures will prevent the development of posttraumatic syndrome and restore the functioning of the musculoskeletal system.
What is the essence of the disease?
The osteoarthritis of the knee joint is the destruction, distribution damage to the connective tissue of the cartilage cells of the femoral joint.They are more likely to obtain women, especially the overwhelming 40 -year -old border.The disease can be an osteoarthritis of the right or bilateral knee, affect one or both legs at the same time.
Without proper treatment, the ailment progresses, affects the muscles, fibrous compounds (ligaments), bones.Because of that, you can completely lose the opportunity to move: with the final destruction of the cartilage, the bone will be exposed.
The concepts of gonarrosis, osteoarthritis, deforming osteoarthritis are identical, are characterized by identical morphological and biological characteristics.Such disease is typical for elderly people, but cases have become more frequent when the symptoms of deviations are diagnosed in children.
The reasons for the appearance of the problem
The risk of osteoarthritis increases with age.The main causes of the modification of the knee joint are a violation of metabolism in solid connective tissue and daily exorbitant loads.
The following factors affect the development of the disease:
- Biological aging processes.After 40, structural and functional changes, cell dystrophy are produced.The cartilage fabric loses its ability to regenerate.
- Problems with excess weight.The deposition of adipose tissue in the organs creates an additional load throughout the skeletal-mechanical organism and system.People with high body weight often suffer osteoarthritis from the knee joint.
- Violation of blood circulation in the extremities.This leads to a slowdown in metabolism, the artificial exhaustion of cells.
- Passive lifestyle.Physical activity must be affordable, but regular.
- Diabetes.The pathology of the endocrine system is associated with insufficient insulin production, which is involved in metabolism.In the fight against energy exhaustion, the body becomes vulnerable, the vessels are obstructed and a decrease in the elasticity of the cartilage occurs.
- Pregnancy.With it, there may be a change in the hormonal background, an additional weight set, which can cause problems with the knee joints.
- DysplasiaThe pathology contributes to the premature erase of the cartilage, which threatens the joint deformation.
- Injuries, especially in children: dislocations, stretching, bruises.
The risk group is headed by women with excess body weight.
The degree of development of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The destruction process begins with the cartilage and affects the entire knee joint.There are three stages of pathology depending on the degree of defeat:
- First.It is characterized by minor symptoms.A person complains of lower episodic pain in the knee, reduced activity after prolonged inaction (sleep).
- The second.The pain causes any action.It is enough to rest, and pain syndrome passes, however, the resumption of physical activity implies discomfort.The main signs of pathology at this stage: Crunch in the Knee, accumulation of synovial fluid.The narrowing of the gap between the bones of the gap joint can only be seen in the radiographic image.In the photo, the pathological changes are clearly visible.
- The third.Global changes occur in the cartilaginous fabric.A person cannot bend the leg in the knee, the regular severe pain cause discomfort throughout the day or night, the bone contour is greased.
The appearance of the first minor symptoms requires the exam and consultation of the rheumatologist.
Most of the time, the patient seeks medical help in the last stage, where he cannot do without surgical intervention.
Important!It is possible to diagnose deviations only with an X -rays.
Types of pathology
Due to the nature of the appearance of deformation, there are two forms of pathology:
- Primary: A hereditary defect in the left or right knee joint: it develops in children from adolescence, due to inadequate formation of the ligament apparatus.
- Secondary - Postraumatic osteoarthritis of the knee joint, caused by bruises, stretch marks, bone parts injuries.
The disease can affect the joints of one or both legs at the same time.
Methods to treat the osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The treatment of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint in children or adults occurs in two stages: the first is pain relief, the second is the effect on disease factors.The forms and severity of gonarrosis play a fundamental role in the choice of a treatment method.
The types of exposure therapy are as follows:
- medicine;
- manual physiotherapy;
- surgical intervention;
- Popular Methodology.
An early recovery of the patient with an integrated approach is possible.
Pharmacological therapy of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint
Traditional treatment requires osteoarthritis of the knee joint in the last two stages.To reduce the pain threshold, restore the integrity and elasticity of the connective tissue will help the following medications:
- A group of non -steroid remedies.With a strong pain, the medicine is administered intramuscularly, it can take it orally or use gels and ointments.
- Condroprotectors.Contribute to the normalization of metabolism processes, avoid greater knee deformation and restore cartilage.
- Corticosteroid hormones.Fully relieves, redness, but causes side effects, therefore, in rare cases they are prescribed in rare courses.
Complex therapy allows you to achieve the remission of the disease, reduces the risks of manifestation of the secondary osteoarthritis of femoral pile.
Osteosis physiotherapy of the knee joint
The technique of exposure to exposure to the hands, devices and auxiliary mechanisms has a blocking effect on the destruction of the knee cartilage joints in children and adults, and leads to the restoration of the musculoskeletal system.
The methodology to eliminate anatomical pathology includes the following types of manipulations:
- Massage.Such mechanical influence helps improve the output of lymph, normalization of metabolism, blood circulation.
- Therapeutic physical education is an effective method to restore the motor skills of children and adults of the femoral-power articulation.Classes aim to develop mobility, strengthening the ligamentary apparatus.You can perform gymnastics at home, when attacks stop.
- ReflexologyImpact on the central nervous system through receptors.Acupuncture increases muscle tone, saturates oxygen tissues, activates immunogenic reactivity.
One of the most effective methods is physiotherapy or recovery based on natural factors: electrophoresis, mudra, ultrasound therapy, ozkeritopic will help locate the inflammation approach.
Electrophoresis
With your help, a high concentration of medications is achieved in the affected area, the liver and the gastrointestinal tract do not receive negative effects.A specially created electric field offers medications directly to the affected area.
Mud
Mineral substances that are so rich in the ground, when they penetrate damaged tissues, suspend additional destruction of the cartilage and then restore them.With dirt, blood flow increases, muscles relax, metabolic processes are stimulated.
Ultrasound therapy
Ultrasound relieves muscle cramps and relieves pain by activating metabolism, changes in acid-base balance and improving tissue breathing.
Ozkeritopia
The ozokerita is unique in composition due to a large amount of microelements contained in it.Among the positive properties of this substance are the ability to restore soft tissues.It faces almost instantly to unpleasant and painful sensations.
Advice!The gymnastics selected by the attending physician should be done with a low amplitude of movement.
Swimming classes contribute to rapid rehabilitation.During the procedure, muscle muscles are strengthened.
Surgical treatment of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The distribution of the femoral joint in children and adults in the last stage leads to a complete deformation of the solid connective tissue, the bones.The doctor is forced to resort to surgical intervention: endoprothetic or arthrodesis.
In the first case, the affected joint is partially or completely replaced with a polymer or metal prosthesis, in the second, the complete immobilization of the joint is performed to eliminate pain syndrome.
Hue!There are no age restrictions for operational manipulations, but, as the practice shows, those that after reaching 50 years are resorted to.
Depending on the physiological characteristics of a person, the recovery period will take approximately 3 months.
Popular methods to treat the osteoarthritis of the knee joint
Non -traditional therapy has a general strengthening effect throughout the body.Independent treatment is allowed in the first stage of the pathology of the femoral articulation in children and adults.
Dandelion
The plant is used as a component for infusions, compresses, bells.Its flowers are rich:
- calcium;
- potassium;
- phosphorus;
- iron.
This contributes to rapid resuscitation and strengthening bone structure.
To prepare the infusion, you will need a container that is half full of inflorescences, and triple colony is added to the remaining space.Insist in the composition for a month in a place protected from sunlight, and then rubs the finished liquid with massage movements in the dermis of a painful knee.
Burdock
The gross leaves are a powerful antiseptic, they accelerate the wound healing process, circulatory restoration.The back of the leaf is applied to the damaged joint, well fixed with a bandage or scarf of warm fabric.The procedure is carried out during the night for a week.
Celandine
Celandine has an anti -inflammatory and analgesic effect.For 7 days in a row, a grass compress to the femoral joint is applied.After 60 minutes, the joint region is treated with vegetable oil.The treatment course is 2 times a month with an 8 -day break.
Golden mustache
The tincture in the leaves of a golden mustache normalizes the metabolic processes, relieves the pain.15–20 sheets of the plant are spotted with two glasses of boiling water, infused in a warm place.The daily dose is 75 ml for three doses after eating.
Pasto with an incorrect approach can have a negative effect.Before using medicinal plants, it is necessary to familiarize yourself with contraindications, it is even better to consult a doctor.
Prevention of knee joint osteorosis
The osteoarthritis of the knee joint, like any ailment, is easier to anticipate than fighting the consequences.
Preventive measures:
- Daily diet.Proper nutrition is a 50% success.Fatty foods with a lot of cholesterol should be avoided.Only a diverse and useful menu is allowed: low varieties of meat, fish, vegetables, fruits, cereals, dairy products, nuts, juice.
- It is necessary to limit the consumption of flour, sweet, caffeine, tobacco and alcohol.
- With a sedentary lifestyle (sedentary work), every 2 hours make a warm.
- It is necessary to be in the fresh air more frequently, walk on foot, go swimming, sports.
- Use of orthopedic shoes with elastic sole: this reduces the risk of osteoarthritis.
The most important thing is to undergo preventive exams with specialists twice a year.
For reference!Consulting and tested specialists can correctly choose the treatment: orthopedist, rheumatologist, arthrologist.
The prognosis of the treatment of the osteoarthritis of the knee joint
The pathology causes biochemical and mechanical changes in the joint cartilage joints, a decrease in its thickness, the formation of osteophytes (growth in the surface of the bone tissue) and subcondral cysts (cavities in organs).
The distribution damage to the cartilage of the femoral joint does not have dangers for life, but it causes great discomfort.The sick person has low motor activity, suffers from severe pain.
Deforming osteoarthritis, including posttraumatic osteoarthritis of the knee joint, is progressive.It is difficult to predict the development of pathology: everything depends on the physiological characteristics of the body and lifestyle:
- age;
- forms and degrees of deformation;
- concomitant diseases;
- execution of the doctor's instructions;
- Areas of activity.
It is the osteoarthritis of the knee joint, the main thing is to detect such change in the femoral joint in children or adults and properly plan the therapy.
It is important to confirm the diagnosis of deforming osteoarthritis in 1 and 2 stages of development, when you can maintain the articulation restoring performance.The doctor can reach a conclusion and determine the degree of articular damage based on ultrasound, magnetic resonance, arthroscopy and radio.
You may need several images to predict the dynamics of the development of femoral knee pathology.
Upon diagnosing deforming osteoarthritis, a set of measures aims to restore the activity of the musculoskeletal system, since the ailment itself cannot be cured even in children.